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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Refrigeration Technology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Refrigeration Technology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Холодильная техника</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>制冷技术</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-124X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4241</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">100598</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RF100598</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">On the driving force of low-temperature heat (cold) or once again on the limiting values ​​of the coefficients of mutual conversion of heat and work (Carnot coefficients)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>О движущей силе низкотемпературной теплоты (холода) или еще раз о предельных значениях коэффициентов взаимного преобразования теплоты и работы (коэффициентах Карно)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arkharov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Архаров</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д-р техн, наук, проф</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arkharov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Архаров</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн, наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zherdev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жердев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн, наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surovtsev</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суровцев</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн, наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д-р техн, наук, проф.</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">MSTU im. N.E. Bauman</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">MPEI (Technical University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МЭИ (Технический университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2004-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2004</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>2</fpage><lpage>7</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Arkharov A.M., Arkharov I.A., Zherdev A.A., Surovtsev I.G., Sychev V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Архаров А.М., Архаров И.А., Жердев А.А., Суровцев И.Г., Сычев В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Arkharov A.M., Arkharov I.A., Zherdev A.A., Surovtsev I.G., Sychev V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Архаров А.М., Архаров И.А., Жердев А.А., Суровцев И.Г., Сычев В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/100598">https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/100598</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>The remarkable dates of publication of two works of genius have induced this article: 260 anniversary of the dissertation of Mikhail Lomonosov “Reflections on the cause of heat and cold” (1744) as well as 180 anniversary of the memory of Sadi Carnot “Reflections on a motive power of fire and on machines apt to develop this power” (1824); both works became the basis of classical thermodynamics.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья подготовлена к знаменательным датам публикации двух гениальных сочинений: 260-летию диссертации Михаила Ломоносова «Размышления о причине тепла и холода» (1744 г.) и 180-летию мемуара Сади Карно «Размышления о движущей силе огня и о машинах, способных развивать эту силу» (1824 г.), которые легли в основание классической термодинамики.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>driving force</kwd><kwd>low temperature warmth</kwd><kwd>conversion factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>движущая сила</kwd><kwd>низкотемпературная теплота</kwd><kwd>коэффициент преобразования</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ломоносов М.В. 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