<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Refrigeration Technology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Refrigeration Technology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Холодильная техника</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>制冷技术</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-124X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4241</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">107034</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RF107034</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Ice-breaking: the physics of the process and practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>«Ледоварение»: физика процесса и практика</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leppyanen</surname><given-names>H.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леппянен</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Enterprise Refrigeration and Engineering Center OOO</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «ГП Холодильно-инженерный центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">ABB-Elmec OOO</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «АББ-Элмек»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2003-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2003</year></pub-date><volume>92</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-05-01"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-05-01"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2003, Kuznetsov B.A., Goncharova G.Y., Leppyanen H.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2003, Кузнецов Б.А., Гончарова Г.Ю., Леппянен Х.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2003</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov B.A., Goncharova G.Y., Leppyanen H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов Б.А., Гончарова Г.Ю., Леппянен Х.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/107034">https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/107034</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For information: a man-day of an experienced "Ledovar" invited from Scandinavian countries by some Russian clubs costs the latter from $1,000 to $5,000. In Russia it costs the latter between 1000 and 5000 dollars. The freezing process takes from three days to two weeks, depending on the technology used.This publication opens a series of articles in which their authors will try to summarize their experience in the design and operation of engineering and technological systems of sports ice facilities.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Серьезного обобщения теории и практики намораживания качественного ледового покрытия на спортивных аренах в России, к сожалению, не проводилось. Технология «ледоварения» хранится в строгом секрете службами эксплуатации спортивных сооружений.</italic></p> <p>Для сведения: человеко-день опытного «ледовара», приглашаемого из Скандинавских стран некоторыми российскими клубами, обходится последним от 1000 до 5000 долл. США. Процесс намораживания льда выполняется от трех дней до двух недель в зависимости от применяемой технологии.</p> <p>Настоящая публикация открывает цикл статей, в котором их авторы постараются обобщить накопленный ими опыт проектирования и эксплуатации инженерных и технологических систем спортивных ледовых объектов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ice making</kwd><kwd>ice freezing</kwd><kwd>sports ice facilities</kwd><kwd>physics of the process</kwd><kwd>practice</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ледоварение</kwd><kwd>намораживание льда</kwd><kwd>спортивные ледовые объекты</kwd><kwd>физика процесса</kwd><kwd>практика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list/></back></article>
