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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Refrigeration Technology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Refrigeration Technology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Холодильная техника</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>制冷技术</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-124X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4241</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">111059</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RF111059</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Natural refrigerants are favored by the future</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Природные хладагенты – фавориты будущего</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>Vladimir G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>Владимир Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chem.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.х.н.</p></bio><email>info@nppsintez.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-1946</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6524-3085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Talyzin</surname><given-names>Maxim S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талызин</surname><given-names>Максим Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н.</p></bio><email>talyzin_maxim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">LLC «NPP Sintez»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «НПП СИНТЕЗ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">International Academy of Refrigeration</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международная Академия Холода</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-01-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-08-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>111</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>199</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-25"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Ponomarev V.G., Talyzin M.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Пономарев В.Г., Талызин М.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomarev V.G., Talyzin M.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарев В.Г., Талызин М.С.</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/111059">https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/111059</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> Reducing the harmful impact on the environment is a promising way to the development of low-temperature technology. According to the amendment to the Montreal Agreement, approved by the Russian Federation, the use of hydrofluorocarbons should be reduced by 85% by 2036.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIMS:</italic></bold> To justify the use of hydrocarbons as refrigerants in terms of their effectiveness.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> Here, we have studied the losses of refrigeration plants at different temperature levels (refrigerant boiling points of −25 °С, −18 °С, and −13 °С), while working with the refrigerants R134a, R404A, R1270, and R290 using the entropy-statistical method of thermodynamic analysis.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> Experimental results revealed that the natural refrigerants, R1270 and R290 have higher efficiency than the conventional refrigerants R134a and R404A. The values of the cooling coefficient under adiabatic compression are higher by 16.28%, 1.81%, and 1.14% compared to R404A, R1270, and R290, respectively, for installation with a boiling point of −13 °C. Similarly, for installation with a boiling point of −18 °C, these values are higher by 16.84%, 1.13%, and 0.58% compared to R404A, R1270, and R290, respectively. Furthermore, for installation with a boiling point of −25 °C, the values of the cooling coefficient under adiabatic compression are higher by 18.53%, 0.8%, and 0.43% compared to R404A, R1270, and R290, respectively.</p> <p>In addition, the degree of thermodynamic perfection for R290 is higher by 27.99%, 19.2%, and 14.79% compared to R134a, R404A, and R1270, respectively, for a boiling point of −13 °C. Similarly, for R290 and a boiling point of −18 °C, it is higher by 21.25%, 14.71%, and 9.9% compared to R134a, R404A, and R1270, respectively.Furthermore, for R290 and a boiling point of −25 °C, it is higher by 27.94%, 11.44%, and 3.61% compared to R134a, R404A, and R1270, respectively.</p> <p>In this study, data on the production of hydrocarbon refrigerants, in particular R1270 and R290, under the Russian Federation are presented. Moreover, quality indicators and the main areas of application for the same are provided here.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> The results of the analysis showed the prospects of using natural refrigerants (R1270 and R290) and allowed us to assess different ways to improve the refrigeration plants.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование.</italic></bold> Снижение отрицательного техногенного влияния на окружающую среду является одним из перспективных направлений развития техники низких температур. Согласно ратифицированной Российской Федерацией поправке к Монреальскому соглашению, применение гидрофторуглеродов должно сократиться к 2036 году на 85%.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic></bold> – дать обоснование применению углеводородов в качестве хладагентов с точки зрения эффективности применения.</p> <p><bold><italic>Методы.</italic></bold> Проведено исследование потерь холодильных установок с разными температурными уровнями (температуры кипения хладагента -25 °С, -18 °С и -13 °С), работающих с холодильными агентами R134a, R404A, R1270 и R290 энтропийно-статистическим методом термодинамического анализа.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Рассматриваемые природные хладагенты R1270 и R290 обладают более высокими показателями эффективности по сравнению с традиционно используемыми хладагентами R134a и R404A. Значения холодильного коэффициента при адиабатном сжатии выше на 16,28% по сравнению с R404A, на 1,81% по сравнению с R1270, на 1,14% по сравнению с R290 для установки с температурой кипения -13 °С. Значения холодильного коэффициента при адиабатном сжатии выше на 16,84% по сравнению с R404A, на 1,13% по сравнению с R1270, на 0,58% по сравнению с R290 для установки с температурой кипения -18 °С. Значения холодильного коэффициента при адиабатном сжатии выше на 18,53% по сравнению с R404A, на 0,8% по сравнению с R1270, на 0,43% по сравнению с R290 для установки с температурой кипения -25 °С.</p> <p>Степень термодинамического совершенства при использовании R290 выше на 27,99% по сравнению с R134a, на 19,2% по сравнению с R404A, на 14,79% по сравнению с R1270 для установки с температурой кипения -13 °С. Степень термодинамического совершенства при использовании R290 выше на 21,25% по сравнению с R134a, на 14,71% по сравнению с R404A, на 9,9% по сравнению с R1270 для установки с температурой кипения -18 °С. Степень термодинамического совершенства при использовании R290 выше на 27,94% по сравнению с R134a, на 11,44% по сравнению с R404A, на 3,61% по сравнению с R1270 для установки с температурой кипения -25 °С.</p> <p>Приводятся данные по производству углеводородных хладагентов, в частности R1270 и R290, на территории Российской Федерации, а также показатели качества и основные области их применения.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Результаты анализа показали перспективность применения природных хладагентов (R1270 и R290) и позволили определить пути совершенствования холодильных установок.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>entropy-statistical method of analysis</kwd><kwd>efficiency</kwd><kwd>natural refrigerants</kwd><kwd>propylene</kwd><kwd>propane</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энтропийно-статистический метод анализа</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>природные хладагенты</kwd><kwd>пропилен</kwd><kwd>пропан</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsvetkov OB, Baranenko AV, Laptev YuA, et al. 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