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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Refrigeration Technology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Refrigeration Technology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Холодильная техника</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>制冷技术</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-124X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-4241</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">685733</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RF685733</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LQYJLT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Problems in calculating the ejection coefficient of ejectors in natural gas liquefaction cycles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Проблемы при расчете коэффициента эжекции эжекторов в циклах сжижения природного газа</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhovidov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тиховидов</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mihail.tihovidov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3164-5098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Navasardyan</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Навасардян</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Techn.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук</p></bio><email>info@eco-vector.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>114</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/685733">https://freezetech.ru/0023-124X/article/view/685733</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article examines the relevance of using ejectors in small- and medium-capacity natural gas liquefaction cycles, as they offer a lower-cost and more reliable alternative to turboexpanders. It is emphasized that the main difficulty in their design stems from the fact that traditional calculation methods, such as those of E. Ya. Sokolov and N. M. Singer, are not adapted for working with multicomponent, often two-phase (vapor-liquid) natural gas flows.</p> <p>The study calculates the ejection coefficient using the method of E. Ya. Sokolov and N. M. Singer, as well as using the Caltec Surface Jet Pump Unit and Ejector Extension v3.0.2 software modules. The obtained calculated values are compared with experimental data obtained at an operating liquefaction plant in the village of Razvilka.</p> <p>The analysis reveals significant discrepancies (from 28% to 69%) between all calculation models and actual results. Conclusions are drawn regarding the applicability of standard ejector calculation methods, and the main reasons for discrepancies with experimental data are identified. The primary cause of these discrepancies is identified as the lack of consideration of phase transitions (condensation) in the mixing chamber and the thermodynamic properties of the multicomponent mixture in the models. A conclusion is drawn regarding the need to develop a new, adapted calculation method.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В данной статье рассматривается актуальность применения эжекторов в циклах сжижения природного газа малой и средней производительности, т.к. они являются более дешевой и надежной альтернативой турбодетандерам. Подчеркивается, что основная сложность их проектирования связана с тем, что традиционные методики расчета, такие как метод Соколова Е.Я. и Зингера Н.М., не адаптированы для работы с многокомпонентным, часто двухфазным (парожидкостным) потоком природного газа.</p> <p>В исследовании проводится расчет коэффициента эжекции по методике Соколова Е.Я. и Зингера Н.М., а также с использованием программных модулей Caltec Surface Jet Pump Unit и Ejector Extension v3.0.2. Полученные расчетные значения сравниваются с экспериментальными данными, полученными на действующей установке сжижения в поселке Развилка.</p> <p>Анализ показывает значительные расхождения (от 28% до 69%) между всеми расчетными моделями и реальными показателями. Сделаны выводы о применимости стандартных методов расчета эжектора, а также выделены основные причины расхождений с экспериментами. Основной причиной расхождений названо отсутствие в моделях учета фазовых переходов (конденсации) в камере смешения и термодинамических свойств многокомпонентной смеси. Делается вывод о необходимости разработки новой, адаптированной методики расчета.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Jet apparatus</kwd><kwd>ejector</kwd><kwd>mathematical model of ejector</kwd><kwd>natural gas liquefaction cycles</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>струйный аппарат</kwd><kwd>эжектор</kwd><kwd>математическая модель эжектора</kwd><kwd>циклы по сжижению природного газа</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tsegelskii VG. Jet Apparatuses. Moscow: MGTU im. N.E. Baumana; 2017. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Sokolov EY, Zinger NM. Jet Apparatuses. Moscow: Energoatomizdat; 1989. 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