Abstract
The article discusses the harmful biological industrial factor that has an impact on employees of underground objects. The results of the urban ecosystem study were provided. Underground space of St.-Petersburg including sectors of traffic tunnels was selected as part of the urban ecosystem. The presence of biodegradation of the object is found. Results of a study of the microbiota of underground space are presented. The cause of the biological damage was found to be the massive deep degradation stipulated by micromycetes. Species composition of micromycetes occurring in the underground transport tunnels in St. Petersburg were detected, a percentage of infestation by microscopic fungi in the investigated plots was identified. Also there were provided results of microbiological analysis of the air environment of the object under consideration, which allowed to detect micromycetes, occurring only in the air of working areas and missing in parts of the structures of the object. Microorganisms were established not only to be the source of the risk of harmful effects on humans, but also to give rise in the biodegradation of materials. Negative effect of micromycetes on the contact person was considered. The negative impact of micromycetes was conventionally divided into groups. The causes of biodegradation of different materials and structures are considered. Causes of inefficient fighting against biological agents were analyzed. One of them concerns the fact that accepted testing regulations for the activity of biocides against agents of the biodegradation — micromycetes — fail to include the difference of the properties of the cultures in the communities and in the monocultures. Selection method of biocide preparations to control the biodegradation stipulated by micromycetes was suggested. Algorithm of integrated approach to the assessment of biological factors and to the selection of protection from its harmful effects was developed, the use of this algorithm will reduce the risk of occurrence and growth of biodegradation materials, professional diseases and general morbidity in whole.
