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Применение методов ядерной физики для диагностики плазмы на основе газодинамической ловушки
- Authors: Пинженин Е.И.1, Максимов B.B.1
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Affiliations:
- Институт ядерной физики им. Г. И. Будкера Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук
- Issue: No 2 (2024)
- Pages: 53–63
- Section: ТЕХНИКА ЯДЕРНОГО ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА
- URL: https://freezetech.ru/0032-8162/article/view/670197
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032816224020078
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QTDNBD
- ID: 670197
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Fig. 1. Gas-dynamic trap setup: 1 – plasma receiver, 2 – waveguides of the microwave plasma heating system, 3 – neutral atom injectors, 4 – stilbene-based neutron and gamma-ray spectrometer, 5 – scintillator- and photomultiplier-based detector, 6 – central cell of the GDT, 7 – expansion tank, 8 – fast ions, 9 – magnetic plug coil, 10 – limiter, 11 – deuterium atom beams, 12–15 – diode-based thermonuclear proton detectors.
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Fig. 2. Detector module prepared for installation on the GDL.
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Fig. 3. Three-dimensional model of the detector module: 1 – diode with a sensitive surface area of 1 cm2, 2 – part that separates vacuum and atmosphere, 3 – location of the preamplifier, 4 – casing in which the battery block is installed to power the preamplifier (controlled via an optical channel), 5 – standard vacuum flange of the GDL.
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Fig. 4. An example of a fragment of an oscillogram obtained from a detector based on a diode with an area of 1 cm2.
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Fig. 5. Energy resolution of the detector when registering protons with an energy of 3 MeV (slowed down in aluminum foil 10 µm thick). Data are given for a diode with a sensitive surface area of 1 cm2.
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Fig. 6. Time diagram of the plasma generation and heating systems (upper graph). Additionally, the signal from the diamagnetic loop located near the fast particle stopping point is shown. Time evolution of the thermonuclear proton flux measured in the GDT experiment (lower graph). Data from four sensors located along the setup are shown. The time resolution is 100 μs.
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Fig. 7. Longitudinal profiles of the deuterium fusion reaction yield (one branch), obtained as a result of modeling (solid line) and experimental measurements (dots).
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Fig. 8. Time diagram of the plasma generation and heating systems (upper graph). Additionally, the signal from the diamagnetic loop located near the fast particle stopping point is shown. The signal from the thermonuclear proton detector (middle graph). The yield of the fusion reaction per unit length of the setup, measured by the proton detector and the scintillation detector in the experiment with an X-ray burst (lower graph). The numbers indicate the X-ray bursts during microwave heating of the plasma (1, 2) and microwave breakdown of the gas (3).
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Fig. 9. Proton detector signal in the time interval from 8.1 to 8.9 ms at the moment of the X-ray burst (upper graph). Scintillation detector signal (lower graph). The dots show the yield of the fusion reaction measured by the number of protons. The numbers 1 and 2 indicate the X-ray bursts recorded by the scintillation detector.
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Fig. 10. Time diagram of the plasma generation and heating systems (upper graph). Additionally, the signal from the diamagnetic loop is shown. Signal from the scintillation detector (lower graph).
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Fig. 11. Spectrum of recoil protons during registration of neutrons with an energy of 2.45 MeV at the GDT.
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Fig. 12. Spectrum of Compton electrons recorded in a stilbene scintillator in experiments on recording X-ray bursts at the GDT.
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