No 2 (2024)

Based on the analysis of numerous data on variations of deformations of the Earth’s crust obtained using a laser strainmeter, deformation anomalies (deformation jumps) that occur during tsunami generation have been detected. The deformation jumps recorded by the laser strainmeter are caused by bottom movements leading to the formation of a tsunami. According to the data of many registered tsunamigenic earthquakes, the attenuation coefficients of the identified deformation anomalies for four regions of the planet have been calculated.

A set of algorithms used to recognize objects in high-quality satellite photographs is described. This method has a unique ability to detect objects whose dimensions in images do not exceed several tens of pixels. In a photograph, each distinctive area of the image is examined to determine the presence of an object of a certain class, and the probability of this presence in the area in question is calculated. Based on the results of image analysis, a conclusion is drawn about the presence and probable location of the object. A detailed explanation is also given of how the algorithms used in the detection process are learned and parameterized. Taking into account the research results, a wide range of processes can be automated, for example, simplifying the collection and analysis of data in numerous analytical systems. The method has enormous potential and can be effectively used in various fields related to image processing and data analysis, in particular, used for effective traffic management, ensuring uniform loading of the transport network at the limit of its capacity, avoiding overloading of vulnerable areas, as well as forecasting the development of the transport situation. It helps speed up the algorithm for detecting vehicles on satellite images, allows you to assess the state of road traffic and the effectiveness of its organization, identify and predict the development of processes affecting the state of road traffic, as well as monitor the field of safety and traffic management.

In the article is performed estimate of the value deformations, incipient in the surface rocky massif of volcanic belt of Kurilo-Kamchatsky arc before earthquakes with М ∼ 7,0 in zone subduction.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is hepatotropic viruses, causing chronic infection, which can lead to liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The two viral envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 mediate the virus entry into host cells, and they are the targets of virus-neutralizing antibodies, which play an important role in limiting infection. The aim of the study was to analyze infected human antibody response to peptides reproducing B-cell epitopes of HCV envelope proteins to assess their possible association with virus elimination. The synthesis of three peptides from envelope proteins was carried out by the solid phase method. The immunoreactivity of the peptides was studied with blood sera from 63 participants with viral hepatitis C. The amino acid sequences of the peptides corresponded to region 244–259 and 313–324 of the E1 protein and 395–411 of the E2 protein. Peptide immunoreactivity was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using blood sera of 63 participants with acute and chronic hepatitis C. According to the results of ELISA, it was found that antibodies were detected in 55,6% (sampling error 6,3%) of participants. If the presence of an antibody titer was 1:80 or higher to the analyzed peptides, then the most participants completed therapy with a sustained virological response or acute hepatitis with the virus elimination. That may indicate the potential significance of the presence of antibodies to B-cell epitopes of HCV envelope proteins in this titer of high for a positive outcome of acute hepatitis C and therapy with direct antiviral drugs.

In September 2022, high concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen over background 2.5 and 15 μmol/l, respectively, were found by the expedition of POI FEB RAS on r/v “Professor Gagarinskiy” in the apex of the Ulban Bay (southern part of the Academy Bay). These hydrochemical data combined with physiological features of salmon reproduction (nine-month maturation of larvae, rolling of fry, transformation of fry into gregarious pelagic fish, their rapid growth), taking into account of the oligotrophic status of the Academy Bay and the results of observations over bowhead whales, led us to the idea that young salmonid fish are the main food of bowhead whales. The sustainability of the Academy Bay ecosystem strongly depends on the sustainability of pink and chum salmon populations that come to spawn in the rivers of the Academy Bay. Human activity caused by gold and coal mining, salmon fishing and implementation of the idea of creating a tidal power station in the Tugur Bay can lead to degradation of the Academy Bay ecosystem due to destruction of bowhead whale population.

Mechanical tests of fragments of Chirona evermanni houses from the Sea of Okhotsk and Balanus eburneus houses attached to the stone substrate from the Barents Sea made it possible to determine the amount of effort required to destroy fragments of houses and whole houses attached to the substrate, as well as the strength and crack resistance of the shell material. The tests showed an almost tenfold spread of the destructive force. According to the level of crack resistance and the nature of destruction, the materials of the houses Chirona evermanni and Balanus eburneus turned out to be close to sedimentary rocks. The spread of values obtained during the experiment is determined by the topological and morphological features of the houses.

Due of the features of ontogeny of parasites and their specific habitat (other living organisms) the usual methods for free-living forms of maintaining the stability and prosperity – increasing number of specimen and increasing fecundity, coupled the expansion of the areas – usually turn out to be partially or completely unsuitable. To overcome this impasse, parasites use other ways, some of which are considered in this article.

The crystal structures of mixed-ligand carboxylate-fluoride and neutral fluoride complexes of uranyl studied by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method have been systematized and discussed. The crystal chemical features of the structures of this class of uranyl compounds were determined: the coordination polyhedron of the hexavalent uranium atom in the structures of the mixed-ligand carboxylate-fluoride and neutral fluoride complexes of uranyl (excluding three hexadentate-bipyramidal compound) has a pentagonal-bipyramidal structure: the oxygen atoms of the uranyl group are located on the vertical axis of the pentagonal bipyramid, perpendicular to the equatorial plane in which five atoms are located. In the crystal structures of dimeric and polymeric mixed-ligand carboxylate-fluoride and neutral fluoride complexes of uranyl (with the exception of one compound in which the bridging bonds in the dimer are formed by oxygen atoms) the fluoride bridges form fluoride atoms.

The review examines the problem of antibiotic resistance in the world and the causes of resistance, as well as a way to overcome this problem. One of the ways to overcome it is the use of secondary metabolites of plants with antibacterial properties. The review includes a large number of studies on the mechanisms of action of the antibacterial properties of secondary metabolites on bacterial cells and the possibility of combining them with various antibiotics to accumulate bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects and overcome the problem of resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics.

The article describes the life of Taras Petrovich Gordeev (1875–1967), a graduate of the New Alexandria Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture (1898). Having arrived to the Far East with a diploma as an agronomist and working as a teacher at the Nikolsk-Ussuri Women’s Seminary, he did a lot to promote natural science research in Primorye. He founded the botanical garden, which later became the academic Gornotayozhnaya Station, organized exhibitions and delivered reports, he was among those who initiated organizing of the South Ussuri branch of the Amur Department of the Russian Geographical Society (1916) and the First Congress on the researching the Ussuri region in natural history (1922). His own scientific interests were related to the study of vegetation of the South Ussuri region. Having left for China in October 1922, Gordeev continued his scientific and pedagogical activities in Harbin, where he was an employee of a number of Russian scientific and educational organizations, including the Society for the Manchurian Region Study and the Harbin Local Lore Museum, and participated in N. K. Roerich’ expedition to the Bargi region (1934), published scientific works on northeast China. The article is based on the documents and literature found in foreign libraries and archives, as well as in private collections.