No 6 (2024)

The main purpose of work was to assess how different soil mixtures could affect the productivity of plants with other conditions being equal and find the most productive treatment. The other purpose was to show that the addition of fertilizer could be more efficient in comparison with hydroponics methods. The methods used in this work include LEDs light sources development, morphometric parameters estimation, and statistical analysis. In our research, we used mixtures based on universal soil, sand, sapropel and the Zion universal ion-exchange nutrient substrate in various proportions. 100% soil was used as a control. The plants were grown under white light (WW) with an intensity of 300 μmol m-2 s-1 and RGB range percent ratio R33:G41:B26. Results. The highest values of fresh weight, total leaf area, and plant leaves number were achieved under the Soil + Zion conditions, respectively. Under the Soil + Sand + Zion and Soil + Zion conditions, the total leaf area, wet weight and leaves number were increased in comparison with the control. The highest productivity was reached in the Soil + Zion experiment. The results demonstrated that the use of a universal ion-exchange nutrient substrate resulted in improved performance in most of the experimental mixtures in comparison with other experiments and control. Soil mixtures with ion-exchange nutrient substrates has advantages to other soil mixtures and can be used to optimize the quality and timing of plant growth.

Currently, one of the significant problems associated with implant materials, including orthopedic metal implants, are implant-associated infections. This disease can lead not only to the need for systemic treatment, but also to repeated operations and, in the most negative cases, to death. One of the effective strategies to eliminate such infections is the creation of antibacterial surface layers. In recent years, the attention of researchers around the world has been focused on the creation of such structures. This review presents the results of the latest achievements in the field of plasma electrolytic synthesis of surface layers with a pronounced antibacterial effect. The main existing approaches to solving such problems are described, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, and future directions in this field are outlined.

In the offshore industry, antifouling protection is achieved mainly through the use of special antifouling coatings whose polymer matrix contains biocides releasing during the object exploitation at a controlled rate. Despite its recognized efficiency, this strategy has significant drawbacks, among which is the high ecotoxicity of antifouling agents. The increasing legislation on the use of antifouling compounds has intensified efforts to find alternative ecologically friendly technologies. Antifouling strategies possessed by living organisms are of particular scientific interest. This paper presents an overview in the field of bioinspired technologies applicable to the development of antifouling coatings in the marine application.

The paper summarizes the literature data on plasma electrolytic treatment of titanium in electrolytes with dispersed magnetoactive particles in order to form surface structures with certain magnetic properties. The compositions of electrolytes, process parameters and magnetic properties of the resulting coatings are presented. Depending on the chemical nature and characteristics of the particles, an inert or reactive mechanism of their introduction from the electrolyte into the growing coatingsis carried out. It is shown that metal oxide particles located on the surface, mainly in pores, and in the coating bulk make the main contribution to the magnetic properties of the samples. By changing the electrolyte formula and the concentration of components, it is possible to control the composition of the particles and, accordingly, the magnetic characteristics of the coating.

The article presents a review of the main trends in the development of sorption methods for cleaning water bodies from oil and oil products using mineral sorbents. Based on an analysis of literature data primarily from the last two decades, including the results of their own research by the authors, natural and artificial sorbents and their modifications are described. Methods and devices for obtaining sorption materials, features of their practical application, and the results of studying their basic properties are considered. The need to develop methods for regenerating spent sorbents is substantiated. The prospects for using mineral materials of natural and technogenic origin as a basis for creating new effective oil product sorbents are shown.

The approaches to production of chitosan-containing composites designed to remove radionuclides from aqueous solutions were considered in this review. Methods for obtaining chitosan-based sorbents for the removal of metals, the main sources of radioactive contamination (U, Sr, Cs), are described. The efficiency of using a biopolymer for these purposes is significantly increased as a result of physical or chemical modification, as well as the introduction of inorganic fillers. From the sorbents which were considered, the cheapest and most effective Sr and Cs materials for sorption are highlighted and simplified schemes for their production are given. The main purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the most important properties of composites in combination with inorganic fillers and to show their advantages as sorbents in the purification of contaminated aqueous solutions.

The brief review presents the results of ion-transport properties studies of zirconium fluoride complexes with alkali cations and ammonium. The relationship between the structure (dimensionality) of the compound, the degree of doping and the nature of the dopant metal, the presence and nature of phase transitions, the shape of the NMR spectra, ionic mobility and conductivity of these compounds is considered.